Fatigue is a term used to describe an overall feeling of tiredness, lack of energy, and exhaustion that goes beyond normal sleepiness. It can have physical and mental components and can significantly impact daily functioning and quality of life. Some key things to understand about fatigue:
- It is a complex symptom with many potential causes, ranging from lifestyle factors to medical conditions. Common causes include lack of sleep, poor sleep quality, prolonged mental or physical exertion, stress, medical illnesses, medications, and more.
- There are two main types of fatigue:
- Physical fatigue refers to tiredness directly related to activity in muscles and the body. This often resolves with rest.
- Mental or "brain" fatigue refers to difficulty concentrating, thinking clearly, and carrying out mental tasks. This may not always resolve with rest alone.
- Fatigue can be acute (short-term) or chronic (ongoing, lasting weeks to months). Both can disrupt normal function. Chronic fatigue is especially problematic when severe or disabling.
- Fatigue often signals that something in the body needs attention, whether an unmet physical need like nutrition or sleep, or an underlying illness. Determining the cause is key.
- Lack of sleep or poor sleep hygiene
- Physical overexertion and activity
- Mental exertion and burnout
- Stress, anxiety, depression
- Poor diet, dehydration, vitamin deficiencies
- Illnesses like anemia, diabetes, thyroid disorders
- Infections - chronic or acute
- Medications
- Other conditions like obesity, inflammation, allergies
- Getting adequate regular sleep and rest
- Setting reasonable limits on activity and pace
- Eating a balanced, nutritious diet
- Staying hydrated
- Reducing and managing stress
- Treating any underlying conditions
- Making lifestyle changes to support energy levels
- Changing medications if they contribute to fatigue
- Learning pacing techniques if you have a chronic condition